Gynecological Diseases and Surgeries
Myomas
What are Myomas? Myomas, also known as fibroids, are non-cancerous growths that develop in or on the uterus. They vary in size and can cause symptoms depending on their location and size.
Symptoms:
- Heavy menstrual bleeding
- Pelvic pain or pressure
- Frequent urination
- Constipation
- Pain during intercourse
Treatment:
- Medications: Hormonal treatments to regulate menstrual cycle and reduce symptoms.
- Minimally Invasive Procedures: Uterine artery embolization, MRI-guided focused ultrasound.
- Surgery: Myomectomy (removal of fibroids) or hysterectomy (removal of the uterus).
Endometriosis
What is Endometriosis? Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside the uterus, causing pain and potentially affecting fertility.
Symptoms:
- Severe menstrual cramps
- Chronic pelvic pain
- Pain during intercourse
- Infertility
- Heavy menstrual bleeding
Treatment:
- Medications: Pain relievers, hormonal therapies (birth control pills, GnRH agonists).
- Surgery: Laparoscopy to remove endometrial tissue.
Ovarian Cysts
What are Ovarian Cysts? Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on the ovaries. Most are benign and resolve on their own, but some can cause symptoms and require treatment.
Symptoms:
- Pelvic pain
- Bloating
- Menstrual irregularities
- Pain during intercourse
Treatment:
- Monitoring: Regular ultrasound scans to monitor the cyst.
- Medications: Hormonal contraceptives to prevent future cysts.
- Surgery: Laparoscopy or laparotomy to remove the cyst.
Isthmocele
What is Isthmocele? Isthmocele is a defect or scar in the uterine wall at the site of a previous cesarean section incision, which can cause abnormal bleeding and fertility issues.
Symptoms:
- Abnormal uterine bleeding
- Pelvic pain
- Infertility
Treatment:
- Surgical Repair: Hysteroscopic, laparoscopic, or open surgical techniques to repair the defect.